Pakistan Review of Social Sciences (PRSS)
type: channel
description: Pakistan Review of Social Sciences (PRSS) is a biannual peer reviewed journal that publishes book reviews, research articles, thesis/ dissertations, and academic essays. PRSS covers most of Social Sciences disciplines in its publications.
publisher: Technology Research and Innovation Markaz (TRIM)
language: en
publication name: Pakistan Review of Social Sciences (PRSS)
issn: 2708-0951
copyright: Submission declaration Authors retain the copyright to their work and grant the Pakistan Review of Social Sciences (PRSS) the right of first publication under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license. This license allows others to share, adapt, and reuse the work for any purpose, including commercial use, as long as appropriate credit is given to the original authors and the journal. By submitting a manuscript, authors confirm that the work has not been published previously (except as an abstract, lecture, or academic thesis), is not under review elsewhere, and has been approved by all authors and relevant authorities. Once accepted, the article will be openly accessible under the CC BY 4.0 license, ensuring wide dissemination and reuse with proper attribution.
items: Reciprocal Divinity: Artificial Intelligence and the Feedback Structure of the Sacred
items: The Sustainable Aviation: Global best practices for implementation in the Pakistani Aviation Industry.
items: The Experimental Study on Improving the Quality of Life of University Students in Chinese Medicine Institutions through Baduanjin Combined with Chinese Herbal Medicine Diet
items: The Impact of Pakistan-China Security Cooperation on South Asia’s Security Architecture
items: To what extent do different communities give detrimental treatment to victims of sexual violence?
items: Research Question: Are Individuals with ASPD (antisocial personality disorder) More Likely to Participate in Criminal Activities Impacting the Stability of Different Communities?
items: Impact The Impact of Multimedia Delivery Modes on Student Engagement in Distance Education
items: Research Question: Is The Unemployment of The Mentally Ill Leading to Negative Impacts in Different Communities?
items: HYBRID WARFARE; IRAN-SAUDI RIVALRY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON PAKISTAN’S INTERNAL AFFAIRS
items: Investigating sexual violence at PK music festivals
items: A Case Study of Social, Economic and Political Statuses of Transgender in Peshawar
items: Mental Health of Banking Professionals
items: Investigate the influence of multiple elements on the criminal behavior of young people in Pakistan
items: DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DURING COVID-19: A CASE STUDY OF LAHORE
items: Book Review: "Theories of International Politics and Zombies" by Daniel W. Drezner
items: Climate Change Induced Floods in Pakistan 2022: Ineffective Pakistani Governance and The Role of Ingos in Providing Assistance to The Victims
items: The Prospects of Normalization and Strengthening of Iran-Saudi Relations and its Implications for the USA
items: Perspective of female students regarding gender preference in family
items: Comparative study of postwar literature (Iranian Holy defense and Vietnam’s War) Komunyakaa’s and Aminpour’s Poems
items: Semiotic study of AL Rahman Verse Based on signifying system and semiotic theories
items: PEDAGOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR PROBLEMS FACING TRANSLATION PROCESS
items: The Psycho-Semantico Moxie of Metaphorical Drives in Advert Texting
items: THE IMPACT OF INTERNET BANKING THE IMPACT OF INTERNET BANKING ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: THE CASE OF FRENCH BANKS
items: Digital transformation and finan Digital transformation and finance: Analysis of economic development strategies: the case of Crowdfunding
items: INTERNET BANKING ON FINANCIAL PE The Impact of Internet Banking on Financial Performance: The Case of French Banks
items: Political Memes and Affective Polarization: A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of Pakistani Political Memes
items: The Effect of Birth Order on Personality Trait (Extraversion)
items: The Production Analysis of Chickpea: A Case Study of District Layyah
items: The Ayatollah Begs to Differ: The Paradox of Modern Iran
items: Exploring Religious Scholars Perspectives on Child Physical Abuse: A Case Study of District Malakand

Reciprocal Divinity: Artificial Intelligence and the Feedback Structure of the Sacred
type: item
description: Artificial intelligence is often described as godlike, capable of creation, judgment, and revelation. The language of divinity that surrounds technology, however, tells us as much about human imagination as it does about machines. This paper argues that AI reshapes the structure of the sacred by shifting from distant transcendence to immanent, reciprocal forms of divinity grounded in feedback and participation. Drawing on theology, philosophy, media theory, and sociology, it presents intelligent systems as sites where divinity appears as process rather than perfection. The divine no longer rules from above; it learns through interaction. Each query, prompt, and dataset functions as a small ritual through which belief and behavior co-produce authority. Viewed through this lens, AI exposes a transformation in power and reverence: the sacred becomes procedural, collaborative, and fragile, sustained by attention, ethics, and infrastructure. The gods we build now reflect us, learning from our habits, constrained by our materials, and shaped by our care. This account contributes to ongoing conversations in the theology of technology, media philosophy, and AI ethics by reframing divinity as a participatory relation rather than a distant ideal. It positions artificial intelligence as both mirror and medium for the human search for meaning, offering a framework for understanding computation as a practice of co-creation.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Artificial Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Divinity
  topic: keywords
subject: Feedback
  topic: keywords
subject: Theology of Technology
  topic: keywords
subject: Enchantment
  topic: keywords
subject: Reciprocal Divinity
  topic: keywords
subject: Cybernetic Theology
  topic: keywords
subject: Media Philosophy
  topic: keywords
creator: Sara Syed
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Sara Syed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-12-12
publication date: 2024-12-12
starting page: 423
ending page: 440

The Sustainable Aviation: Global best practices for implementation in the Pakistani Aviation Industry.
type: item
description: The concern of sustainable aviation has risen to be an area of focus as the entire aviation industry attempts to cut down carbon emissions as well as handles the issues revolving around climate change. This research paper analyzes the United Nations’ best practices on aviation sustainability, which has newer technologies, uncommon fuels, and improved operational efficiencies, while giving concrete suggestions on the aviation industry in Pakistan. Based on primary research and global efforts undertaken by IATA, ICAO, the paper captures key initiatives such as CORSIA and biofuels promotion. These efforts have been tried and succeeded in several countries. The USA and Brazil have invested in biofuels, whereas Europe is ahead with hydrogen operated aircrafts and electric aviation in addition to supporting this initiative. The need to decarbonize within the global aviation sector has necessitated sustainable aviation as a critical area for development and cooperation. This paper explores the applicability of global best practices in biofuels, hydrogen propulsion, electric aviation, and operational optimization to Pakistan’s aviation industry. The aviation world is being set towards net-zero emissions by international efforts through the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation (CORSIA), IATA, and ICAO. These efforts will allow countries, such as the USA, which have the capability to harvest agricultural residues and algae, to reduce aviation’s carbon foot print by as much as 80%. European countries are already leading the sector by developing hydrogen powered aircraft and electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) machines. The air traffic management (ATM) sector is advancing as well. AI incentivized route optimization and continuous descent operations are eliminating excessive fuel expenditure and emissions. Pakistan’s aviation industry does not adopt these practices even with its strategic geographic location and the unexplored opportunities…
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Sustainable Aviation
  topic: keywords
subject: , IATA
  topic: keywords
subject: , ICAO
  topic: keywords
subject: CORSIA
  topic: keywords
subject: SAFs
  topic: keywords
subject: SDGs
  topic: keywords
subject: Climate Action
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Haidar Haroon
creator: Dr. Muhammad Umer
creator: Anas Farhan Awan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Mohammad Haidar Haroon, Dr. Muhammad Umer, Anas Farhan Awan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-20
publication date: 2025-09-20
starting page: 8
ending page: 20

The Experimental Study on Improving the Quality of Life of University Students in Chinese Medicine Institutions through Baduanjin Combined with Chinese Herbal Medicine Diet
type: item
description: To address the decline in quality of life among university students in traditional Chinese medicine institutions caused by subhealth conditions such as qi deficiency, blood insufficiency, and decreased cardiopulmonary function, this study employed an experimental research method. Sixty volunteer participants were randomly recruited and divided into three groups: ①Baduanjin exercise only (20 participants), ② medicinal diet only (20 participants), and ③Baduanjin combined with medicinal diet (20 participants). Using the eight dimensions of the SF-36 scale, significant differences among the three groups before and after the intervention were analyzed to demonstrate the comprehensive improvement in health and quality of life resulting from the combination of Baduanjin and medicinal diet. The results indicated that the combined intervention group (Baduanjin + medicinal diet) showed the most effective outcomes. This group exhibited an average improvement ranging from 7.58% to 52.72% across nine health dimensions, including general health perception, with a notable 52.7% increase in health perception scores. Particularly significant improvements were observed among individuals with initially limited physical function (the highest increase in general health score reached 157%). In contrast, single interventions showed certain limitations: the Baduanjin-only group demonstrated significant mental health improvement, but 20% of participants experienced a decline in physical function (e.g., a 60% decrease in scores); the medicinal diet-only group showed some alleviation in physical activity restrictions, but over 60% of participants exhibited a decline in social function (e.g., a 38% reduction in social activity) and a general decrease in mental health (e.g., a 50% drop in scores). The combined intervention outperformed the medicinal diet-only approach by 50 percentage points in health perception improvement and by 30% in emotional well-being enhancement, effectively mitigating …
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Baduanjin
  topic: keywords
subject: Chinese medicinal diet
  topic: keywords
subject: University students of traditional Chinese medicine
  topic: keywords
subject: Quality of life
  topic: keywords
creator: Zhubing Sun
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Zhubing Sun https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-09-20
publication date: 2025-09-20
starting page: 1
ending page: 7

The Impact of Pakistan-China Security Cooperation on South Asia’s Security Architecture
type: item
description: The research paper focuses on the historical context of Pakistan-China relations and highlights the changing geopolitical and global developments. How it shaped security measures. This mutual security ties further enhance the balance of power in the region. The cooperation has also complicated the regional scenario, particularly with India. The study concludes with policy recommendations for Pakistan to navigate these complexities while maintaining a balanced approach to its foreign relations. This study examines the influence of China-Pakistan relations on Pakistan’s security strategy, particularly in the context of its rivalry with India. The regional stability in South Asia and Pakistan's position within the broader geopolitical landscape are important factors in the architecture. Further, the study emphasizes that Pakistan-China relations not only serve the security interest but are also effective in the peacebuilding process. China's support for security and economics is an important block in the region. The relationship will further safeguard and defend the common mutual challenges in the region.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Geopolitics, Security
  topic: keywords
subject: Foreign Policy
  topic: keywords
subject: South-Asia, Peace
  topic: keywords
creator: Faheem Ullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Faheem Ullah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-22
publication date: 2025-01-22
starting page: 15
ending page: 19

To what extent do different communities give detrimental treatment to victims of sexual violence?
type: item
description: Sexual assault and harassment has happened globally and is a very frequent incident that happens to everyone despite gender. Sexual assault is very regular, with women, a lot of people face it but deny and don’t realize it later on. Communities also treat sexual violence victims differently and sometimes even blame the victim, this is very unjust and the harassers are not even shamed so the victims have so much trauma that they don’t even talk about it. Once victims open up, they are looked at differently. People don’t know how to handle the situation which leads to the victims feeling as if they should keep quiet and is the purpose of my individual report , to educate oneself and others.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: sexual violence
  topic: keywords
subject: mental effects and different perspectives
  topic: keywords
subject: community treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: victims
  topic: keywords
creator: Shahbano Shahbano
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Shahbano Shahbano https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-22
publication date: 2025-01-22
starting page: 20
ending page: 23

Research Question: Are Individuals with ASPD (antisocial personality disorder) More Likely to Participate in Criminal Activities Impacting the Stability of Different Communities?
type: item
description: Antisocial personality disorder is a series of patterns that are socially irresponsible, impulsive and remorseless behavior. I chose this topic because it is in my field of interest. When I first brought up the topic, I was very surprised that many of my classmates did not know that the term “sociopathy” means ASPD (antisocial personality disorder). This is a very misunderstood topic and I hope my report can shed some light on it. I believe that if we approach this topic with an open mind we can learn more information about ASPD and sociopaths in general. And if we find the root of this illness, and potentially find a way to help individuals cope with ASPD. This could help the general public and stabilize communities. I believe that this needs immediate attention because the longer we continue to ignore individuals showing symptoms of ASPD the longer more lives will be lost by easily preventable crimesa.
subject: Academic essay
  topic: section
subject: ASPD
  topic: keywords
subject: Sociopathy
  topic: keywords
subject: Stabilize communities
  topic: keywords
subject: Crime
  topic: keywords
creator: Raniya Shaan Shahid
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Raniya Shaan Shahid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-03
publication date: 2025-01-03
starting page: 124
ending page: 127

Impact The Impact of Multimedia Delivery Modes on Student Engagement in Distance Education
type: item
description: Distance education has become increasingly prevalent, with multimedia delivery modes playing a significant role in shaping the learning experience. This research paper investigates the impact of various multimedia delivery modes on student engagement in distance education. Different hypotheses applied and SPSS analysis find out .Through a comprehensive literature review and empirical analysis, this study aims to explore how different multimedia delivery methods, such as video lectures, interactive simulations, and virtual reality environments, influence student engagement levels. The paper hypothesizes that certain multimedia delivery modes positively correlate with higher levels of student engagement, leading to enhanced learning outcomes in distance education settings.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Distance Education-Learner Engagement
  topic: keywords
creator: Muzamil Hussain AL Hussaini( Phd Scholar) Muzamil Hussain AL Hussaini( Phd Scholar)
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Muzamil Hussain AL Hussaini( Phd Scholar) Muzamil Hussain AL Hussaini( Phd Scholar) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-24
publication date: 2025-01-24
starting page: 96
ending page: 101

Research Question: Is The Unemployment of The Mentally Ill Leading to Negative Impacts in Different Communities?
type: item
description: The way mental health (CDC, 2021) and unemployment carry out is hand in hand. The key influence on employability is good mental health, searching for a job and remaining in that job. In contrast, people working and finding a job is stressful and can take a toll on one’s mental health so mental health professionals don’t encourage it. Since Covid 19 the rise of unemployment in many countries has increased mostly due to the fact that People’s well being has been affected by the recent Global crisis; the pandemic therefore they weren’t able to perform their respective jobs to standard. I have chosen this topic because I am passionate about mental health.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Psychology
  topic: keywords
creator: Nooriya Shaan Shahid
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Nooriya Shaan Shahid https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-22
publication date: 2025-01-22
starting page: 24
ending page: 27

HYBRID WARFARE; IRAN-SAUDI RIVALRY AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON PAKISTAN’S INTERNAL AFFAIRS
type: item
description: The research paper circulates the Iran-Saudi Rivalry which has deep historical roots and can have drastic implications on Pakistan’s internal affairs. Scholars have argued that both these Islamic giants adhere to different approaches to leadership and dominance in the Middle East. The author uses qualitative methodology to formulate this paper with the help of research papers and documentaries. Similarly, as long as the bone of contention escalates, so do the implications and instability rise in Pakistan as the latter is composed of Sunni majority and Shia minority population resulting in vast sectarianism. In support of the argument, the theory of Realism is implied which discusses how both states prioritize their national interests. Case studies of Shia violence in Pakistan have also been discussed in this paper about the rivalry. The DIME model has been used for better understanding. Lastly, the paper converses on the China-led rapprochement between Saudi-Iran rivalries. Keywords: Saudi-Iran Rivalry, Sectarianism, National Interests, Middle East, Realism, Sunni-Shia, rapprochement, Pakistan
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Saudi-Iran Rivalry
  topic: keywords
subject: Sectarianism
  topic: keywords
subject: National Interests
  topic: keywords
subject: Middle East
  topic: keywords
subject: Sunni-Shia
  topic: keywords
subject: Chinese Rapproachmnent
  topic: keywords
subject: Pakistan
  topic: keywords
creator: Hamail Tahir
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Pakistan Review of Social Sciences (PRSS) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-07
publication date: 2025-01-07
starting page: 124
ending page: 130

Investigating sexual violence at PK music festivals
type: item
description: This paper presents a comprehensive investigation of sexual violence at Pakistani music festivals, building upon research conducted by Bows et al. (2022, 2024) concerning sexual violence within the UK festival context. It marks the first Pakistani study dedicated to this subject, incorporating insights from interviews with ten women who have personally encountered instances of sexual harassment or assault at such events. The study employs a dual quantitative and qualitative methodology to explore female experiences with sexual harassment in depth, aiming to discern overarching trends alongside individual narratives. Through an inductive approach that synthesizes numerical and descriptive data, this research illuminates the broader patterns and the nuanced, contextualized occurrences of sexual violence at music festivals – ultimately aiming to enhance the leisure experience for women attending these events by urging a revamp of policies that prioritise their safety and well-being. Collaborative efforts with festival operators have stimulated discussions surrounding the measures designed to cultivate a secure environment for female attendees.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Gender Differences
  topic: keywords
subject: maltreatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Gender Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Cultural sensitivity
  topic: keywords
creator: Sardar Muhammad Musa Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Sardar Muhammad Musa Khan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-24
publication date: 2025-01-24
starting page: 102
ending page: 111

A Case Study of Social, Economic and Political Statuses of Transgender in Peshawar
type: item
description: Over the years, Transgender community remained one of the most marginalized segments of society. Issues related to Transgender community are still considered to be a taboo for which a dearth of research studies has been observed. The recent developments people are trying to understand the intensity of their marginalization in terms of their social, economic and political statuses. Consequently, this study focuses to identify and explains social, economic and political statuses of Transgender community in society of Peshawar qualitatively. The methodology chosen for this research study was case study. Literature review was done systematically as well as critically for this research. After literature review knowledge gaps have been identified in terms of social, economic and political statuses of Transgender in Peshawar. A sample of nine (9) respondents was selected through purposive or judgmental sampling. Data has been collected via semi-structured in-depth interviews. The collected data was then transcribed and split and spliced. After transcription, data has been coded and linkages have been established. After linkages, existing framework, derived from literature, was modified with all the newly emerged factors. Furthermore, qualitative analysis revealed the inter-relationship amongst factors, which shows that Transgender community faces marginalization in their social, economic and political statuses in Peshawar.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Transgender
  topic: keywords
subject: Transgender Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Transgender Inclusion
  topic: keywords
subject: Transgender Rights
  topic: keywords
creator: Rooh Ullah
creator: Maaz Ali
creator: Azhar Ali
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Rooh Ullah, Maaz Ali, Azhar Ali https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-22
publication date: 2025-01-22
starting page: 28
ending page: 41

Mental Health of Banking Professionals
type: item
description: The purpose of this report is to assess the mental health of bankers and address the mental health issues they face in their work environment. The research methodology used is descriptive research and inferential statistics, where a survey was distributed among bank employees and interviews were conducted with relevant professionals. The survey found that 57.6% of the respondents were male and the majority of the respondents were in a younger age group. The results showed a median response of moderate to severe level of stress at the workplace and a uniform distribution of responses on feeling mentally and emotionally safe. Respondents showed low excitement towards their workplace and felt that work-life balance was not valued within the organization.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Mental health, banking sector
  topic: keywords
subject: professionals
  topic: keywords
subject: stress
  topic: keywords
subject: depression
  topic: keywords
subject: anxiety
  topic: keywords
subject: policies
  topic: keywords
subject: counselling sessions
  topic: keywords
subject: awareness
  topic: keywords
subject: ethical duties
  topic: keywords
subject: primary concern
  topic: keywords
subject: organization
  topic: keywords
subject: statistical inference
  topic: keywords
creator: Hashir Muzaffar
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Hashir Muzaffar https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-22
publication date: 2025-01-22
starting page: 42
ending page: 53

Investigate the influence of multiple elements on the criminal behavior of young people in Pakistan
type: item
description: One of Pakistan's biggest issue is criminality. Increasing crime rates nationwide are starting to raise serious concerns. It's widely recognized that the underprivileged section of society experiences poor social, psychological, physical, and economic situations, which are linked to criminal behavior. The main causes of young offenders in Pakistan are hunger, joblessness, and bribery. The primary goal of the current study was to look into the elements influencing young people's criminal behavior in Pakistan particularly in two metropolitan cities, Rawalpindi and Lahore. The current study concluded that highest 27% of the individuals claimed unemployment and 24% considered poverty was the primary reason of crime. 19.2% of the participants said that social media, 15.4% peer pressure, 8.0% education deficiency, and 6.4% political insecurity contributes to crime. The elements unemployment (27%) and poverty (24%) highly related to crime. Alongside this, the bivariate analysis indicated that unemployment had a significant effect on the criminal behavior of the young people with the chi-square value of (143.031) and p-value (0.017), and poverty with the chi-square value of (125.021) and p-value (0.005). In addition, the multiple linear regression showed the strong correlation between crime and unemployment, poverty, peer pressure, and social media among young people with p≤0.05 and R2= 0.735. Therefore, the study recommended that the government and non-governmental organizations, and other groups serving the general public should start adult empowerment initiatives that lead to the reduction of crimes among young people.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Youth crime
  topic: keywords
subject: socio-economic factors
  topic: keywords
subject: social influences
  topic: keywords
subject: urban settings
  topic: keywords
subject: policy recommendations
  topic: keywords
creator: Syed Sabir Hussain Shah
creator: Syed Sibtain Ahmed Rizvi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Syed Sabir Hussain Shah, Syed Sibtain Ahmed Rizvi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 114
ending page: 123

DOMESTIC VIOLENCE DURING COVID-19: A CASE STUDY OF LAHORE
type: item
description: Domestic violence and spousal abuse is increased in Pakistan due to COVID-19 lockdowns, people lost their jobs, meltdown in economy and men worked from home. This research report focused on “Domestic Violence during COVID-19: A Case Study of Lahore”. This study highlighted that the coronavirus pandemic has deepened social inequalities in Pakistan, impacted women and children and increased the gap between men and women. This study points out that women working in informal sectors and those sitting in their houses both are affected by pandemic, many women lost their jobs and were confined to stay at home, where they can’t protect themselves from domestic abuse. Qualitative and cross-sectional research method has been used to carry out this research. It was noted that stress and anxiety increased as a result of being confined to one’s place of residency away from friends, family and workplace. Also, literacy rate, unemployment and decrease in reporting these issues to police contributed a lot increasing domestic violence. It was noted that threat from the abusers of being killed, social stigma and honor prevented women to report the cases of domestic violence which tortured women mentally, physically and emotionally. It made it clear that pandemics like COVID-19 can exacerbate the dimensions of gender equality, increasing the gap between men and women in formal and informal sectors. Hence, the prevention of domestic abuse is not only crucial from human rights perspective but can be fruitful to bring changes in the mental health and economic development of our society. Effective working of our state departments, strict laws and regulations against violence, education and awareness can bring prevention policies against domestic violence.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: COVID-19
  topic: keywords
subject: isolation
  topic: keywords
subject: brutality
  topic: keywords
subject: Intimate Partner Violence
  topic: keywords
subject: maltreatment
  topic: keywords
creator: Hareem Fatima
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Hareem Fatima https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 50
ending page: 62

Book Review: "Theories of International Politics and Zombies" by Daniel W. Drezner
type: item
subject: Book Reviews
  topic: section
subject: IR
  topic: keywords
subject: Theories
  topic: keywords
subject: Theories of International Politics
  topic: keywords
subject: politics
  topic: keywords
subject: Security
  topic: keywords
subject: Survival
  topic: keywords
subject: Soft Power
  topic: keywords
subject: International law
  topic: keywords
subject: Non-State
  topic: keywords
creator: Syed Shah Hussain
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Syed Shah Hussain https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 1
ending page: 3

Climate Change Induced Floods in Pakistan 2022: Ineffective Pakistani Governance and The Role of Ingos in Providing Assistance to The Victims
type: item
description: The main aim of this paper is to analyze the impact of climate change induced floods that wreaked havoc in Pakistan in the year 2022, and the efforts made by developmental organizations to provide relief and rehabilitation to the victims. Climate change is an inevitable reality and is evident in Pakistan through the rising temperatures causing heatwaves and droughts, heavy monsoon seasons resulting in unprecedented rainfall across the country that is affecting not only the rural communities but also the urban lifestyle. Since the government of Pakistan does not have adequate budget to spend towards disaster risk management, mitigation, and resilience, it is the generous donors and humanitarian organizations that support the government to safeguard the citizens of Pakistan especially the flood affected communities. Organizations such as United Nations, International Rescue Committee, Oxfam International, and various others played a vital role in reaching out to those affected by the floods through their effective and efficient flood response and now recovery plans. However, one year later people are still suffering, infrastructure is still damaged and developmental organizations still face challenges that are to be addressed by making effective policies for the future so that these organizations along with the government of Pakistan can contribute towards the betterment of the society.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Climate Change
  topic: keywords
subject: Floods
  topic: keywords
subject: Humanitarian Organizations
  topic: keywords
subject: Relief, Recovery
  topic: keywords
subject: Rehabilitation
  topic: keywords
subject: Governance
  topic: keywords
creator: Izza Syed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Izza Syed https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-22
publication date: 2025-01-22
starting page: 54
ending page: 62

The Prospects of Normalization and Strengthening of Iran-Saudi Relations and its Implications for the USA
type: item
description: Iran and Saudi Arabia are two of the most significant states in the Middle East. Historically, the two nations have been bitter rivals, and the nature of their relationship has played a considerable role in shaping the geopolitical dynamics of the region and the involvement of great powers in regional affairs. If Iran and Saudi Arabia reconcile their differences and form a closer relationship, it could lead to greater stability in the region, as well as increased economic and political cooperation. As the United States is one of the most heavily involved extra-regional powers, the normalization and potential strengthening of the relationship between Iran and Saudi Arabia may have significant implications for the traditional role of the US in the region. On the one hand, a closer relationship between Iran and Saudi Arabia could lead to a decrease in tensions and conflicts in the region, which would be a positive development for the US. The US has traditionally viewed Saudi Arabia as a key ally in the Middle East, and any shift away from this relationship, on the other hand, may negatively affect its foreign policy objectives in the region. Ultimately, the implications of a strengthened Saudi-Iran bilateral relationship for the US will depend on a variety of factors, including the nature of the evolving relationship, the degree of cooperation between the two nations, and the overall impact of it on regional stability and American interests in the Middle East.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: KSA
  topic: keywords
subject: Iran
  topic: keywords
subject: Geopolitics
  topic: keywords
subject: Middle East,
  topic: keywords
subject: USA
  topic: keywords
subject: Foreign policy
  topic: keywords
creator: Syed Shah Hussain Gillani
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Syed Shah Hussain Gillani https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 33
ending page: 39

Perspective of female students regarding gender preference in family
type: item
description: Abstract The primary goal of the study was to learn how female students perceived gender preferences in the home. Quantitative approach with 200 responders in the sample employed for statistical analysis and conclusions demonstrated that, 62.5% (125) of the girls lived in nuclear families, and 78% (156) were from metropolitan areas. An empirical investigation revealed a substantial mean difference (p<.01) in the perception of educational attainment between girls residing in both settings. Second, it is shown that the perceptions of both areas about supportive parental conduct differ significantly (p<.01) in terms of mean. Furthermore, compared to girls living in urban areas (M=-1.38, SD=.580), girls living in rural areas are more likely (M=.107, SD=1.30) to believe that parents prefer sons over daughters when it comes to health care. Finally, the perceptions of girls residing in rural and urban regions regarding their preferred jobs show a negligible mean difference (p<.05). But when it comes to the desire for educational attainment, it turns out that there is a substantial mean difference (p<.01). Nonetheless, there is a noteworthy average distinction (p<.05) between nuclear and mixed families with respect to the supportive conduct of parents toward their son. Additionally, the preference of nuclear and joint families to invest more in their sons, however, is not significantly different (p<.05). Ultimately, parental preference for a son's job over a daughter's is significantly different (p<.05) in nuclear versus joint homes. Parents should therefore encourage their kids to succeed academically. But females ought to have to go to school and be given the same respect as boys do.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Social Work
  topic: keywords
subject: Gender Studies
  topic: keywords
subject: Female Education
  topic: keywords
creator: Abdul Ur Rehman
creator: Maaz Ali
creator: Gul Khanda
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Abdul Ur Rehman, Maaz Ali, Gul Khanda https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 85
ending page: 113

Comparative study of postwar literature (Iranian Holy defense and Vietnam’s War) Komunyakaa’s and Aminpour’s Poems
type: item
description: The comparative study tries to find the common points in two different authors’ works and in this kind of studying so many other common but the hidden points may be revealed.postwar literature is somehow one of the best literary genres for finding the common factors and features that the poets have tried to present in their works elements such as desire to be winner, cruelty, inhumanity, and absurdity of the war. The Iranian poet late Qaisar Aminpour(1961-2007) and YusefKomunyakaa ( 1947) from Bogalusa, Louisiana, are among the great American and Iranian poets whose works so many times have been interpreted and analyzed. The finding the outstanding and the most important points and themes in the postwar poems of these two poets is the main aim of this literary comparative study.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Comparative study
  topic: keywords
subject: postwar literature
  topic: keywords
subject: Aminpour
  topic: keywords
subject: Komunyakaa
  topic: keywords
creator: Kian Pishkar
creator: Taif Abdulhussein Dakhil
creator: Nooshin Nasery
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Kian Pishkar, Taif Abdulhussein Dakhil, Nooshin Nasery https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-24
publication date: 2025-01-24
starting page: 130
ending page: 137

Semiotic study of AL Rahman Verse Based on signifying system and semiotic theories
type: item
description: In many cultures esp.in the Islamic and Iranian culture, it might be said that scriptures, “here means the Holy Quran” are the “text of texts,” the first and ultimate text, the model for all books and the font of all images of literary inspiration. “Scriptures” are the model for the organization of written words to bear numerous meanings; more than a mere narrative, the story of “scriptures” is a narrative whose full nature is regarded as diminished and confounded by the limits of human memory and speech. It is the written word elevated into a service that eliminates the lines between medium and message, only to reimpose these lines in less sacred contexts. The importance of semiotic, its effects and analysis in the modern language,literature and linguistic studies is not deniable and experts of teaching, linguists and critics of literature all somehow usesemiotics in their works. This paper tries to use semiotic and sign studying for analyzing of AL Rahman Verse (Bride Of Quran ) from Holy Quran and indicating to the new concepts based on signifying system and semiotic theories to show the greatness of the layers of meanings and concepts in the Holy Quran and one of its best verses(AL Rahman). Semiotics theories and different theorists’ ideas such as Roland Barthes’, Umberto Eco’s, Sebeok’s, and Lotman’s have been discussed and applied on the some part of Al Rahman verse.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Semiotics
  topic: keywords
subject: Signifying system
  topic: keywords
subject: Al Rahman
  topic: keywords
subject: sign studying
  topic: keywords
creator: Kian Pishkar
creator: Nooshin Nasery
creator: Taif Abdulhussein Dakhil
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Kian Pishkar, Nooshin Nasery , Taif Abdulhussein Dakhil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-23
publication date: 2025-01-23
starting page: 75
ending page: 85

PEDAGOGICAL SOLUTIONS FOR PROBLEMS FACING TRANSLATION PROCESS
type: item
description: To improve the quality and outcomes of translation courses at the university level, the instructors are required to integrate learners' needs, identified with the help of a needs survey, into syllabus content. Based on a systematic needs-based syllabus design, of course, the students can be equipped with sufficient skills to face the challenges of the world of translation. In order to structure such a syllabus, first the problems experienced by the students need to be identified and their exact nature needs to be determined. Once a problem has been identified, selecting and teaching the best strategies to deal with it would follow. The present study, as a result, was conducted to hit two targets. First, it aimed at identifying the Iranian translation students' difficulties in translating English texts into Persian through analyzing the errors committed in their exam papers. Second, the research intended to investigate the experiences of the educators engaged in teaching translation to the Iranian university students to offer a set of guidelines to solve the problems through suggested learning and teaching activities in translation classes. These aims were accomplished through two phases. First, the students' errors were traced in their exam papers during six semesters (2016-2019) and were mainly categorized into syntactic, lexical, cultural, stylistic and miscellaneous errors, each of which was further divided into subdivisions. Second, by conducting in-depth interviews, the suggestions of some of the experienced faculty members of the Iranian universities involved in teaching translation to solve the problems were extracted and synthesized. The discussions centered around applying the constructivist approach to teaching translation, which the interviewees believed can provide opportunities for translation students to play an active role in their own learning by integrating and activating corresponding knowledge, skills and attributes specifically in the form of gro…
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Error analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: Learning-centered Syllabus
  topic: keywords
subject: Translation pedagogy
  topic: keywords
creator: Kian Pishkar
creator: Nooshin Nasery
creator: Taif Abdulhussein Dakhil
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Kian Pishkar, Nooshin Nasery, Taif Abdulhussein Dakhil https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-23
publication date: 2025-01-23
starting page: 63
ending page: 74

The Psycho-Semantico Moxie of Metaphorical Drives in Advert Texting
type: item
description: This paper investigates metaphorical usages in advertising from a psycho-semantic perspective. It argues that metaphor is employed in advertising texts deliberately to conceptualize one concept in terms of another which has well-defined and structured experience-able effect. Semantically, one semantic domain is expanded to another in a process of simulation to the targeted concept. Usually, source domain is concrete so it can be extended semantically to paste some well-selected plausible associative meanings on the target domain. All is meant for manipulating attitudes: affective, cognitive, and behavioral on the benefit of the advertising campaign. Intentionally, metaphorical expressions are to map unpredictable yet meaningful imagistic textuality of adverts. In most cases relational and sentential innovations are supportive and additives in the process of texting meant for persuasive functions in specific and for interactive quest in general. However, conceptual metaphor is highly loaded with mentalistic drives of conceptualization and reformulation of perceptive iconic images. Thus, by manipulating and emulating attitudinal modes, advert texting can be modulated to submit a crux of mentalistic moot, conscious and unconscious, of the portrayed textuality of the adverts. Per se, adverts' texting is dependent on the observability, of the linguisticity of texts and on the persuasiveness motifs of the discoursal matching.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: advertising, metaphor, cognitive approach, attitudes.
  topic: keywords
creator: Prof. Rafi' Mahmood Hussein
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Prof. Rafi' Mahmood Hussein https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 63
ending page: 70

THE IMPACT OF INTERNET BANKING THE IMPACT OF INTERNET BANKING ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE: THE CASE OF FRENCH BANKS
type: item
description: The financial sector has known profound changes since the 1980s with the development of technologies and the massive adoption of the internet and mobile phones. In this research paper, we investigate to examine the impact of internet banking on bank performance in France. To reach this objective, we used as a regression estimation method for panel data and the Hausman test (1978).We have highlighted the effect of control and specific variables related to banks on the return on assets and the return on equity. Our sample is composed of 31 commercial banks during the period 2008-2019.The results confirm the majority of our hypotheses which demonstrate the positive effect of digitization and internet banking on the performance of banks.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Internet Banking , Bank Performance, Return On Asset, Return On Equity.
  topic: keywords
creator: Adel Necib
creator: Lafi Amen
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Adel Necib, Lafi Amen https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 21
ending page: 32

Digital transformation and finan Digital transformation and finance: Analysis of economic development strategies: the case of Crowdfunding
type: item
description: The objective of this study is to identify the obstacles to the integration of Crowdfunding into the national economy as an economic development strategy. In early 2018, the Central Bank of Tunisia looked into the subject of Crowdfunding for innovative startups by raising funds following a meeting with the governor of the BCT and members of the Tunisian diaspora living abroad. By distinguishing the phases of its adoption process and based on 10 semi-structured interviews lasting an average of 1h10, and an observation of several crowdfunding platforms (cofundy, afrikwity), as well as the observation of blogs and other networks social, we show that there are internal barriers (lack of trust, poor coordination with participants) and external barriers (absence of a legal framework, lack of support by the State, lack of information on the market). We also show that these barriers are far from insurmontable.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: external barriers
  topic: keywords
subject: internal barriers
  topic: keywords
subject: economic development strategy
  topic: keywords
subject: Crowdfunding
  topic: keywords
creator: Adel Necib
creator: Sallami Mourad
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Adel Necib, Sallami Mourad https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 40
ending page: 49

INTERNET BANKING ON FINANCIAL PE The Impact of Internet Banking on Financial Performance: The Case of French Banks
type: item
description: The financial sector has known profound changes since the 1980s with the development of technologies and the massive adoption of the internet and mobile phones. In this research paper, we investigate to examine the impact of internet banking on bank performance in France. To reach this objective, we used as a regression estimation method for panel data and the Hausman test (1978).We have highlighted the effect of control and specific variables related to banks on the return on assets and the return on equity. Our sample is composed of 31 commercial banks during the period 2008-2019.The results confirm the majority of our hypotheses which demonstrate the positive effect of digitization and internet banking on the performance of banks.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Internet Banking , Bank Performance, Return On Asset, Return On Equity.
  topic: keywords
creator: Adel Necib
creator: Amen Lafi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Adel Necib, Amen Lafi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2025-01-21
publication date: 2025-01-21
starting page: 1
ending page: 14

Political Memes and Affective Polarization: A Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis of Pakistani Political Memes
type: item
description: Abstract Political memes play an integral role in shaping online political discourses by communicating political identities, affiliations and views with the opportunity for the audiences to engage in such discourses. However, some of the discourses in the memes are intendant to demonize, criticize, differentiate, attack, and or negatively evaluate certain political parties and politicians. Therefore, this article adopts a Multimodal Critical Discourse Analysis to study the discourses of some of the Pakistani political memes on Twitter in relation to affective polarization. That is, the aim of this study is to examine the presence of affective polarization in the discourses of political memes to know whether and how does political memes catalyze affective polarization. This analysis reveals that, the political memes catalyze affective polarization through its discourses dominated by (de)legitimization, labelling, us versus them differentiation, dehumanization, and trivialization.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Political memes, MCDA, affective polarization, de-legitimization, dehumanization, us versus them, labelling, and trivialization.
  topic: keywords
creator: Maria Khan
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Maria Khan https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 71
ending page: 84

The Effect of Birth Order on Personality Trait (Extraversion)
type: item
description: This study examines how birth order affects personality traits, specifically extraversion, in firstborn and lastborn individuals. A comparative research design was used, and data was gathered from 160 participants - 80 firstborns and 80 lastborns. Both groups consisted of 40 male and 40 female participants between the ages of 16 and 22 who were selected through purposive sampling. Eysenck's Personality Inventory was used as the assessment tool, and the data were analyzed using an independent sample t-test. The results showed a significant difference in extraversion between firstborn and lastborn individuals but no difference based on gender.
subject: Thesis / Dissertation
  topic: section
subject: Gender Differences
  topic: keywords
subject: Extraversion
  topic: keywords
subject: Personality Traits
  topic: keywords
subject: Birth Order
  topic: keywords
creator: Mahnoor Jehanzeb
creator: Mrs. Raumish Masud Khan
creator: Meezab Saleem
creator: Dr. Nudra Malik
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Mahnoor Jehanzeb, Mrs. Raumish Masud Khan, Meezab Saleem, Dr. Nudra Malik https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 14
ending page: 20

The Production Analysis of Chickpea: A Case Study of District Layyah
type: item
description: The current review has been intended to decide the productivity of chickpea cultivators, to appraise the consequence of diverse elements on creation of chickpea and to recognize the example and limitations associated with its showcasing. Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum) is a significant vegetable harvest. It has high dietary worth; particularly high items in protein (22-24%) which are adequate to adjust the everyday person's eating routine. This study depends on essential information. Tehsil Chobara of locale Layyah is chosen as test region. For assessment of data, money related evaluation gauges, for instance, net return and benefit cost extent are use, and a Cobb-Douglas type creation capacity in the log structure is apply to perceive the factors impacting the yield of chickpea. The drawing in estimations is used to survey the monetary profile of the chickpea cultivators. The chow test is furthermore use to conclude the security of the backslide model. R square is 0.526 in the backslide model surveyed for chickpea created in watered district. For this situation F esteem is 9.685. This suggests that the creation capability utilized for watered chickpea in the current review is by and large measurably huge. In the assessed relapse model for chickpea developed in downpour took care of region, R2 0.601 with F esteem 17.697 shows the genuinely meaning of creation capability utilized for the downpour took care of chickpea. Seed rate highest affects the yield of chickpea among any remaining data sources remembered for creation examination. The advantage cost proportion of 3.12 and 3.07 for the chickpea developed in the watered and downpour took care of regions separately proposes that chickpea development is the beneficial in the review region.
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
subject: Chickpea
  topic: keywords
subject: Economic Analysis
  topic: keywords
subject: District Layyah
  topic: keywords
creator: Naveed Alam
creator: Ahmed Raza
creator: Aisha Tahir
creator: Abdus Samie
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Naveed Alam, Ahmed Raza, Aisha tahir, Abdus Samie https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-09-14
publication date: 2023-09-14
starting page: 201
ending page: 209

The Ayatollah Begs to Differ: The Paradox of Modern Iran
type: item
subject: Book Reviews
  topic: section
subject: Ayatollah
  topic: keywords
subject: Paradox of Modern Iran
  topic: keywords
subject: United States
  topic: keywords
subject: Majd
  topic: keywords
creator: Syeda Noor ul Huda Naqvi
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Syeda Noor ul Huda Naqvi https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2024-02-18
publication date: 2024-02-18
starting page: 4
ending page: 5

Exploring Religious Scholars Perspectives on Child Physical Abuse: A Case Study of District Malakand
type: item
description: Abstract Child physical abuse is a significant global concern, and its prevalence varies across cultures and societies. This case study focuses on District Malakand, exploring the perspectives of religious scholars on child physical abuse. The study is qualitative in nature, utilizing purposive sampling to select 10 religious scholars as respondents. Islamic teachings emphasize the protection and welfare of children, promoting kindness and mercy. While Islam does not support physical punishment, some mild forms of discipline are allowed under specific circumstances. The findings reveal that religious scholars and teachers are not in favor of physical abuse due to its negative psychosocial impacts on the child's development. The study sheds light on the need to eradicate physical abuse from educational institutions and homes to create a nurturing environment for children in accordance with Islamic teachings. Keywords: Physical Abuse, Child, Islamic, Malakand, Punishment
subject: Research Articles
  topic: section
creator: Irfan Ullah
creator: Sher Shah
creator: Hamid Alam
creator: Sibgaht Ullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Irfan Ullah, Sher Shah; Hamid Alam, Sibgaht Ullah https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
date: 2023-08-09
publication date: 2023-08-09
starting page: 191
ending page: 200